Exercicis de relative clauses: who, which, whose i where — Anglès 3r ESO

who (també that)
Man és una persona, per això es fa servir who. That també és possible en anglès estàndard.

which (també that)
Bus és una cosa: which o that.

where
Where substitueix un lloc (in which). Restaurant és un lloc.

whose
Whose expressa possessió: the boy's bike. Va seguit del nom.

a) who
b) which (o that)
c) who (o that)
d) which (o that)
Who per a persones; which per a coses.

I know a girl who makes her own clothes.
Who substitueix el pronom subjecte (she) i es posa just darrere de girl.

He wrote a poem which made everybody cry. (També: that.)
Which substitueix it, que feia de subjecte.

which (també that)
Shop és una cosa i fa de subjecte de sells.

that
Després de everything, all, something, nothing i superlatius es prefereix that (no which).

The girl who helped me is called Júlia. (També: that.)
Who fa de subjecte de helped.

The teacher who teaches us music is from Ireland.
Which no es fa servir per a persones: who (o that).

This is the hotel where we stayed.
Where ja substitueix el lloc: no cal repetir there.

Es poden ometre a) i c): The film we saw was funny. / The sweater she bought is red.
No es poden ometre b) ni d): who és el subjecte de la relativa (called, lives). El relatiu només s'omet quan fa d'objecte.

I met a boy whose mother is a famous chef.
Whose substitueix el possessiu (his) i va seguit del nom (mother).

That is the park where we played football last year.
Where substitueix there (in the park).

a) Montserrat, which is near Barcelona, attracts many visitors.
b) My grandmother, who is eighty-two, still rides a bike.
Són non-defining clauses: afegeixen informació extra i van entre comes.

My brother, who works in a bank, is called Pere. (També: My brother, who is called Pere, works in a bank.)
La informació extra va entre comes i es posa just darrere del nom.

a) whose
b) which (o that)
c) where
d) who (o that)

The pictures Núria took were fantastic.
That fa d'objecte (took the pictures), per això es pot ometre.

The film (that) I told you about was brilliant.
El relatiu ja fa la funció de it: no es pot repetir el pronom (error freqüent per influència del català).

I have a friend who lives in Canada and whose brother is a chef.
Who substitueix she (subjecte) i whose substitueix her (possessiu).

a) Només van rebre medalla els corredors que van acabar la cursa (n'hi havia que no van acabar): defining clause, sense comes.
b) Tots els corredors van acabar la cursa, i tots van rebre medalla: non-defining clause, amb comes (informació extra).

The bus didn't come, which made us late.
Which no es refereix a un nom sinó a tota la idea anterior. Sempre va darrere de coma.

The person they were talking about was my teacher.
En anglès informal la preposició es queda al final i el relatiu s'omet; en anglès formal es fa servir about whom.

The man whose car was stolen called the police. My town, which is near Vic, is quiet. This is the house which I grew up in.
1) that his car → whose car (possessió).
2) that → which (en una non-defining clause, entre comes, that no es pot fer servir).
3) in it → in (el relatiu ja substitueix it).

a) defining, sense comes
b) non-defining: Mr Soler, who teaches us maths, is retiring.
c) defining, sense comes
d) non-defining: July, which is the hottest month, is the busiest for tourism.
Amb un nom propi sol haver-hi coma, perquè ja està identificat.

Resposta model:
a) A baker is a person who makes bread.
b) A library is a place where you can borrow books.
c) A fridge is a machine which keeps food cold.
d) A vegetarian is a person who doesn't eat meat.
Who per a persones, where per a llocs, which (o that) per a coses.

(1) where (2) who (3) which (4) which / that (5) whose
(2) i (3) són non-defining clauses (entre comes), per tant no es pot fer servir that. (4) és defining i admet which o that.

a) The person who called didn't leave a message. (També: that.)
b) This is the park where we played when we were children. (També: as children.)
c) Clara, whose father is a mechanic, wants to be an engineer.
A la c) la clause és non-defining (entre comes) i porta whose.